{"id":979,"date":"2013-02-24T07:46:47","date_gmt":"2013-02-24T12:46:47","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/www.gpsman.com\/blog\/?p=979"},"modified":"2013-02-25T08:24:47","modified_gmt":"2013-02-25T13:24:47","slug":"happy-terminalia-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.gpsman.com\/blog\/2013\/02\/24\/happy-terminalia-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Happy Terminalia"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"Terminus\"
Terminus Monument<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Happy Terminalia (end of the Roman year) a day late – so Happy New Year!<\/h3>\n

February 23 is Terminalia, the day that marks the end of the Roman calendar year. Terminalia was a Roman festival honoring the god Terminus, (the god of boundaries and surveying). His statue is a stone or post stuck in the ground between properties. On the festival adjacent property owners decorated the stones with garlands and offered sacrifices of corn, wine, honey and sacrificed a young lamb or pig singing the praises of the god.<\/p>\n

The Romulus Calendar had 10 named months:<\/p>\n

    \n
  1. Martius “March” (“of Mars” god of war) time for the resumption of war [31 days]<\/li>\n
  2. Aprilis “April” (for Venus goddess of beauty) [30 then 29, then 30 days]<\/li>\n
  3. Maius “May” (“of Maia” goddess of spring) [31 days]<\/li>\n
  4. Junius “June” (“of Juno” principal goddess of the Pantheon) [30 then 29 then 30 days]<\/li>\n
  5. Quintilis later Julius “July” (fifth month then “of Julius” emperor) [31 days]<\/li>\n
  6. Sextilis later Augustus “August” (sixth month then “of Augustus” emperor) [30 then 29 then 30 days]<\/li>\n
  7. September “September” (seventh month)\u00a0[30 then 29 then 30 days]<\/li>\n
  8. October “October” (eighth month) [31 days]<\/li>\n
  9. November “November” (ninth month)\u00a0[30 then 29 then 30 days]<\/li>\n
  10. December “December” (tenth month)\u00a0[30 then 29 then 31 days]<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n
      \n
    • two unnamed months in the dead of winter<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n

      King Numa Pompilius, circa 700 BC, added<\/p>\n

        \n
      1. Januarius “January” (for Janus, god of beginnings and endings) [29 then 31 days]<\/li>\n
      2. Februarius “February” (for Februus god of purification) [28, then 23\/24 days by Pompilius, then 28 with 29 every 4th year by Julius]<\/li>\n
      3. Intercalaris “intercalendar” to keep the calendar aligned with the seasons (origin or leap year) [27 days until eliminated]<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

        Julius C\u00e6sar began reforming the calendar in 46 BC and it was completed by Augustus C\u00e6sar in 8 BC.<\/p>\n

         <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

        Happy Terminalia (end of the Roman year) a day late – so Happy New Year<\/p>\n

        February 23 is Terminalia, the day that marks the end of the Roman calendar year. The original Roman year had 10 named months and began with Martius “March” (“of Mars” god of war) time for the resumption of war.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"bgseo_title":"","bgseo_description":"","bgseo_robots_index":"","bgseo_robots_follow":"","_crdt_document":"","jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":"","jetpack_publicize_message":"","jetpack_publicize_feature_enabled":true,"jetpack_social_post_already_shared":true,"jetpack_social_options":{"image_generator_settings":{"template":"highway","default_image_id":0,"font":"","enabled":false},"version":2}},"categories":[12,5],"tags":[66,67,48,142],"class_list":["post-979","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-history","category-surveying","tag-history-2","tag-politics","tag-religion","tag-surveying"],"jetpack_publicize_connections":[],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"","jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p1DORt-fN","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":1356,"url":"https:\/\/www.gpsman.com\/blog\/2015\/01\/05\/surveying\/","url_meta":{"origin":979,"position":0},"title":"WHY SURVEYING?","author":"TonyC","date":"January 5, 2015","format":"gallery","excerpt":"What if Christopher Columbus had not set sail in 1492? He was beckoned irresistibly by the sea with all of its hidden treasures. Surveying has wooed surveyors for centuries. We surveyors are also explorers, discoverers and pioneers.","rel":"","context":"In "History\/Politics"","block_context":{"text":"History\/Politics","link":"https:\/\/www.gpsman.com\/blog\/category\/history\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Columbus seduced by the sea.","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.gpsman.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/columbus-thinking-117x150.jpg?resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200},"classes":[]}],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gpsman.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/979","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gpsman.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gpsman.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gpsman.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gpsman.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=979"}],"version-history":[{"count":9,"href":"https:\/\/www.gpsman.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/979\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":989,"href":"https:\/\/www.gpsman.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/979\/revisions\/989"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.gpsman.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=979"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gpsman.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=979"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.gpsman.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=979"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}